新增：《SpringBoot项目引入OpenFeign后无法启动》
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---
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title: SpringBoot项目引入OpenFeign后无法启动
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author: 查尔斯
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date: 2022/08/31 22:39
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categories:
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- Bug万象集
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tags:
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- "Spring Boot"
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- "Spring Cloud"
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- "Open Feign"
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---
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# SpringBoot项目引入OpenFeign后无法启动
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**C：** 由于项目需要调用第三方 API，所以打算使用 Open Feign 来作为调用工具。但这次新项目用的 Spring Boot 版本有点高，花了点时间排除问题。
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<!-- more -->
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## 问题描述
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先简单描述一下我们项目的技术栈，这是一个前后端分离的单体项目，前端不用提，后端部分主框架用的是 Spring Boot 2.7.2 版本。现在需要对接第三方 API，打算使用 Open Feign 来作为调用工具。Open Feign 是 Spring Cloud 开发的一个轻量级RESTful HTTP 服务客户端，多数使用的场景是用于微服务项目。
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### 引入依赖
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下方只贴出了关键部分依赖：
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```xml
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<properties>
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<spring-cloud.version>2.0.4.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
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</properties>
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<!-- 全局版本锁定 -->
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<dependencyManagement>
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<!-- Spring Cloud -->
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
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<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
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<type>pom</type>
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<scope>import</scope>
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</dependency>
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</dependencyManagement>
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```
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```xml
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<dependencies>
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<!-- Feign，用于服务间的 HTTP 调用 -->
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
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</dependency>
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</dependencies>
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```
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### 编写配置
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引入完依赖，自然是要简单配置一下。
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application.yml 中的 Feign 部分配置：
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```yaml
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## Feign 配置
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feign:
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client:
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config:
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default:
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connect-timeout: 20000
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read-timeout: 120000
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```
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FeignConfig 配置类：
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```java
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/**
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* Feign配置
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*
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* @author Charles7c
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* @date 2022/8/30 18:10
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*/
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@Configuration
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public class FeignConfig {
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@Value("${spring.profiles.active}")
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private String activeProfile;
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/**
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* Feign 日志级别配置
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* @return /
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*/
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@Bean
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Logger.Level feignLoggerLevel() {
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if ("prod".equals(activeProfile)) {
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return Logger.Level.BASIC;
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}
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return Logger.Level.FULL;
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}
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}
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```
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### 启用Feign
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最后只需要在启动类上使用 `@EnableFeignClients` 启用一下配置即可。
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```java
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/**
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* 启动程序
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*
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* @author Charles7c
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* @date 2022/8/24 15:46
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*/
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@EnableFeignClients
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@SpringBootApplication
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public class WebApiApplication {
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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System.setProperty("spring.devtools.restart.enabled", "false");
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SpringApplication application = new SpringApplication(WebApiApplication.class);
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application.setApplicationStartup(new BufferingApplicationStartup(2048));
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application.run(args);
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}
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}
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```
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### 报错信息
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根据以前的经验到这步也就结束了，该怎么用 Feign 就怎么用了。好的，写完之后启动项目。
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显然笔者被技术的 "浪潮" 又拍了一个 "跟头"，技术从来都不是停滞不前的，采用新版本就肯定会有这样那样的问题，不提前做版本踩坑和梳理，就必然如此。
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## 原因分析
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从提示来看，控制台只打印了我在启动类中配置的一个系统属性，Spring Boot 项目的 Banner 都没打出来，显然是启动时都没走到打印 banner 这一步。但控制台什么错误也看不到，这可不行啊，先给启动这一步加个 try-catch 捕获下异常，起码先把异常显示出来。
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```java
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/**
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* 启动程序
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*
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* @author Charles7c
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* @date 2022/8/24 15:46
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*/
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@EnableFeignClients
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@SpringBootApplication
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public class WebApiApplication {
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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try {
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System.setProperty("spring.devtools.restart.enabled", "false");
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SpringApplication application = new SpringApplication(WebApiApplication.class);
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application.setApplicationStartup(new BufferingApplicationStartup(2048));
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application.run(args);
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} catch (Exception e) {
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throw new RuntimeException(e);
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}
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}
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}
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```
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映入眼帘的就是：`java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/boot/context/properties/ConfigurationBeanFactoryMetadata` 。这种错误我熟啊，八成是和版本有关。
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```
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已连接到目标 VM, 地址: ''127.0.0.1:59906'，传输: '套接字''
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17:59:40.709 [main] INFO org.springframework.boot.devtools.restart.RestartApplicationListener - Restart disabled due to System property 'spring.devtools.restart.enabled' being set to false
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Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'configurationPropertiesBeans' defined in org.springframework.cloud.autoconfigure.ConfigurationPropertiesRebinderAutoConfiguration: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.cloud.context.properties.ConfigurationPropertiesBeans]: Factory method 'configurationPropertiesBeans' threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/boot/context/properties/ConfigurationBeanFactoryMetadata
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at com.xxx.WebApiApplication.main(WebApiApplication.java:26)
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Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'configurationPropertiesBeans' defined in org.springframework.cloud.autoconfigure.ConfigurationPropertiesRebinderAutoConfiguration: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.cloud.context.properties.ConfigurationPropertiesBeans]: Factory method 'configurationPropertiesBeans' threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/boot/context/properties/ConfigurationBeanFactoryMetadata
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiate(ConstructorResolver.java:658)
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:486)
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1352)
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1195)
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:582)
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:542)
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:335)
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234)
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:333)
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:213)
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at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.registerBeanPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:270)
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at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.registerBeanPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:762)
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at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:567)
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at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:734)
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at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:408)
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at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:308)
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at org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder.run(SpringApplicationBuilder.java:164)
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at org.springframework.cloud.bootstrap.BootstrapApplicationListener.bootstrapServiceContext(BootstrapApplicationListener.java:208)
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at org.springframework.cloud.bootstrap.BootstrapApplicationListener.onApplicationEvent(BootstrapApplicationListener.java:104)
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at org.springframework.cloud.bootstrap.BootstrapApplicationListener.onApplicationEvent(BootstrapApplicationListener.java:70)
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at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.doInvokeListener(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:176)
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at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.invokeListener(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:169)
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at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.multicastEvent(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:143)
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at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.multicastEvent(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:131)
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at org.springframework.boot.context.event.EventPublishingRunListener.environmentPrepared(EventPublishingRunListener.java:85)
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at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListeners.lambda$environmentPrepared$2(SpringApplicationRunListeners.java:66)
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at java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1257)
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at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListeners.doWithListeners(SpringApplicationRunListeners.java:120)
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at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListeners.doWithListeners(SpringApplicationRunListeners.java:114)
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at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListeners.environmentPrepared(SpringApplicationRunListeners.java:65)
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at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.prepareEnvironment(SpringApplication.java:344)
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at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:302)
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at com.xxx.WebApiApplication.main(WebApiApplication.java:23)
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Caused by: org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.cloud.context.properties.ConfigurationPropertiesBeans]: Factory method 'configurationPropertiesBeans' threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/boot/context/properties/ConfigurationBeanFactoryMetadata
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:185)
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiate(ConstructorResolver.java:653)
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... 32 more
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Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/boot/context/properties/ConfigurationBeanFactoryMetadata
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at org.springframework.cloud.autoconfigure.ConfigurationPropertiesRebinderAutoConfiguration.configurationPropertiesBeans(ConfigurationPropertiesRebinderAutoConfiguration.java:51)
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at org.springframework.cloud.autoconfigure.ConfigurationPropertiesRebinderAutoConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$97caf445.CGLIB$configurationPropertiesBeans$1(<generated>)
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at org.springframework.cloud.autoconfigure.ConfigurationPropertiesRebinderAutoConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$97caf445$$FastClassBySpringCGLIB$$3f1d782c.invoke(<generated>)
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at org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invokeSuper(MethodProxy.java:244)
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at org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassEnhancer$BeanMethodInterceptor.intercept(ConfigurationClassEnhancer.java:331)
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at org.springframework.cloud.autoconfigure.ConfigurationPropertiesRebinderAutoConfiguration$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$97caf445.configurationPropertiesBeans(<generated>)
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at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
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at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
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at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
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at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:154)
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... 33 more
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Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationBeanFactoryMetadata
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at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:382)
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at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
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at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:349)
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at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
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... 44 more
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与目标 VM 断开连接, 地址为: ''127.0.0.1:59906'，传输: '套接字''
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进程已结束,退出代码1
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```
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## 解决方案
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实际上，早就等着这一步呢，笔者只是不死心尝试一下，前文也提到了，这个项目用的 Spring Boot 2.7.2 版本，而笔者引入的依赖是老项目中的依赖，老项目的 Spring Boot 是 2.0.4.RELEASE 版本，和 2.7.2 差了好几代了，怎么可能还兼容这么好呢。
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::: tip 笔者说
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Spring Boot 这种大版本升级，往往涉及到很多类的删除和重构，所以说学无止境啊。
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:::
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好了，那就去 [Spring Cloud 概述](https://spring.io/projects/spring-cloud#overview) 中摸一下 Spring Cloud 和 Spring Boot 最新的版本对应关系，然后好能确定该使用哪一个版本。
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| Release Train | Boot Version |
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| :------------------- | :------------------------------------ |
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| 2021.0.x aka Jubilee | 2.6.x, 2.7.x (Starting with 2021.0.3) |
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| 2020.0.x aka Ilford | 2.4.x, 2.5.x (Starting with 2020.0.3) |
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| Hoxton | 2.2.x, 2.3.x (Starting with SR5) |
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| Greenwich | 2.1.x |
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| Finchley | 2.0.x |
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| Edgware | 1.5.x |
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| Dalston | 1.5.x |
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根据 Spring Cloud 概述页面的介绍，2.7.x 版本的 Spring Boot 可以使用 2021.0.x 任意版本的 Spring Cloud，笔者最后使用了 2021.0.3 版本。
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```xml
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<properties>
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<spring-cloud.version>2021.0.3</spring-cloud.version>
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</properties>
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<!-- 全局版本锁定 -->
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<dependencyManagement>
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<!-- Spring Cloud -->
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<dependency>
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<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
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<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
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<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
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<type>pom</type>
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<scope>import</scope>
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</dependency>
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</dependencyManagement>
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```
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再启动，熟悉的 Spring Boot Banner 出现了，但是最后又报错了。
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```
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Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'captchaController' defined in file [D:\IdeaProjects\IdeaProjects-charles7c\fucloud-union-service\service-webapi\target\classes\com\xxx\webapi\controller\common\CaptchaController.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor parameter 2; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'com.xxx.core.rest.CloudUnionDataRestApi': Unexpected exception during bean creation; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: No Feign Client for loadBalancing defined. Did you forget to include spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer?
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at com.xxx.WebApiApplication.main(WebApiApplication.java:26)
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Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'captchaController' defined in file [D:\IdeaProjects\IdeaProjects-charles7c\fucloud-union-service\service-webapi\target\classes\com\xxx\webapi\controller\common\CaptchaController.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor parameter 2; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'com.xxx.core.rest.CloudUnionDataRestApi': Unexpected exception during bean creation; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: No Feign Client for loadBalancing defined. Did you forget to include spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer?
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:800)
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.autowireConstructor(ConstructorResolver.java:229)
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireConstructor(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1372)
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1222)
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:582)
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:542)
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:335)
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234)
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:333)
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:208)
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:955)
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at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:918)
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at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:583)
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at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:147)
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at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:734)
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at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:408)
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at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:308)
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at com.xxx.WebApiApplication.main(WebApiApplication.java:23)
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Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'com.xxx.core.rest.CloudUnionDataRestApi': Unexpected exception during bean creation; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: No Feign Client for loadBalancing defined. Did you forget to include spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer?
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:555)
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:335)
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||||
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234)
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||||
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:333)
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||||
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:208)
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||||
at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveCandidate(DependencyDescriptor.java:276)
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1391)
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at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1311)
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||||
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.resolveAutowiredArgument(ConstructorResolver.java:887)
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||||
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:791)
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... 17 more
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Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: No Feign Client for loadBalancing defined. Did you forget to include spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer?
|
||||
at org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClientFactoryBean.loadBalance(FeignClientFactoryBean.java:382)
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||||
at org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClientFactoryBean.getTarget(FeignClientFactoryBean.java:427)
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at org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClientFactoryBean.getObject(FeignClientFactoryBean.java:402)
|
||||
at org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClientsRegistrar.lambda$registerFeignClient$0(FeignClientsRegistrar.java:235)
|
||||
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.obtainFromSupplier(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1249)
|
||||
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1191)
|
||||
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:582)
|
||||
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:542)
|
||||
... 26 more
|
||||
与目标 VM 断开连接, 地址为: ''127.0.0.1:52466'，传输: '套接字''
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
这回也是因为版本升级引起的，而且提示的已经很到位了，要求我们单独引入一个 `spring-cloud-loadbalancer` 依赖。
|
||||
|
||||
::: tip 笔者说
|
||||
Spring Cloud Open Feign 在 Hoxton.M2 版本之后就不再使用 Ribbon 了，改为使用 Spring Cloud Loadbalancer。
|
||||
:::
|
||||
|
||||
```xml
|
||||
<dependencies>
|
||||
<!-- Feign，用于服务间的 HTTP 调用 -->
|
||||
<dependency>
|
||||
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
|
||||
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
|
||||
</dependency>
|
||||
|
||||
<dependency>
|
||||
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
|
||||
<artifactId>spring-cloud-loadbalancer</artifactId>
|
||||
</dependency>
|
||||
</dependencies>
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
最后启动成功。
|
||||
BIN
docs/public/img/2022/08/31/202208312238666.png
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docs/public/img/2022/08/31/202208312238666.png
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Reference in New Issue
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