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2023年 (2篇)</h2><div class="caret" role="button" aria-label="toggle section" tabindex="0" data-v-95d837d1><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" class="caret-icon" data-v-95d837d1><path d="M9,19c-0.3,0-0.5-0.1-0.7-0.3c-0.4-0.4-0.4-1,0-1.4l5.3-5.3L8.3,6.7c-0.4-0.4-0.4-1,0-1.4s1-0.4,1.4,0l6,6c0.4,0.4,0.4,1,0,1.4l-6,6C9.5,18.9,9.3,19,9,19z"></path></svg></div></div><div class="items" data-v-95d837d1><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-95d837d1 data-v-95d837d1><div class="item" data-v-95d837d1><div class="indicator" data-v-95d837d1></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/categories/fragments/2023/12/21/%E4%B8%80%E6%96%87%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E9%99%90%E6%B5%81%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%A3%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0" data-v-95d837d1><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-95d837d1><div class="text-color-red mr-[6px]" style="font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;">1</div>一文详解限流接口实现</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-95d837d1 data-v-95d837d1><div class="item" data-v-95d837d1><div class="indicator" data-v-95d837d1></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/categories/fragments/2023/01/06/CodeReview%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95%E8%AE%BA%E4%B8%8E%E5%AE%9E%E8%B7%B5%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93" data-v-95d837d1><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-95d837d1><div class="text-color-orange mr-[6px]" style="font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;">2</div>阿里巴巴的Code Review方法论与实践总结</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="group" data-v-802ad7d8><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0 collapsible collapsed" data-v-802ad7d8 data-v-95d837d1><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-95d837d1><div class="indicator" data-v-95d837d1></div><h2 class="text" data-v-95d837d1><img class="chinese-zodiac" style="position: static; vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 3px;" src="/img/svg/chinese-zodiac/tiger.svg" title="虎年" alt="生肖">
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2022年 (15篇)</h2><div class="caret" role="button" aria-label="toggle section" tabindex="0" data-v-95d837d1><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" class="caret-icon" data-v-95d837d1><path d="M9,19c-0.3,0-0.5-0.1-0.7-0.3c-0.4-0.4-0.4-1,0-1.4l5.3-5.3L8.3,6.7c-0.4-0.4-0.4-1,0-1.4s1-0.4,1.4,0l6,6c0.4,0.4,0.4,1,0,1.4l-6,6C9.5,18.9,9.3,19,9,19z"></path></svg></div></div><div class="items" data-v-95d837d1><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-95d837d1 data-v-95d837d1><div class="item" data-v-95d837d1><div class="indicator" data-v-95d837d1></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/categories/fragments/2022/12/07/%E7%BD%91%E7%AB%99%E5%BC%80%E5%90%AF%E7%81%B0%E8%89%B2%E6%98%BE%E7%A4%BA" data-v-95d837d1><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-95d837d1><div class="text-color-red mr-[6px]" style="font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;">1</div>简单聊聊如何让网站开启灰色显示</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-95d837d1 data-v-95d837d1><div class="item" data-v-95d837d1><div class="indicator" data-v-95d837d1></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/categories/fragments/2022/11/01/%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8IDEA%E8%BF%9B%E8%A1%8C%E8%BF%9C%E7%A8%8B%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E8%B0%83%E8%AF%95" data-v-95d837d1><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-95d837d1><div class="text-color-orange mr-[6px]" style="font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;">2</div>使用 IntelliJ IDEA 进行远程程序调试</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-95d837d1 data-v-95d837d1><div class="item" data-v-95d837d1><div class="indicator" data-v-95d837d1></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/categories/fragments/2022/10/31/CentOS%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85Docker" data-v-95d837d1><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-95d837d1><div class="text-color-yellow mr-[6px]" style="font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;">3</div>CentOS 安装 Docker、Docker Compose</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-95d837d1 data-v-95d837d1><div class="item" data-v-95d837d1><div class="indicator" data-v-95d837d1></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/categories/fragments/2022/10/28/Docker%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85MinIO" data-v-95d837d1><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-95d837d1><div class="text-color-gray mr-[6px]" style="font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;">4</div>Docker 安装 MinIO 详细步骤</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-95d837d1 data-v-95d837d1><div class="item" data-v-95d837d1><div class="indicator" data-v-95d837d1></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/categories/fragments/2022/10/27/Docker%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85Consul" data-v-95d837d1><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-95d837d1><div class="text-color-gray mr-[6px]" style="font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;">5</div>Docker 安装 Consul 详细步骤</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-95d837d1 data-v-95d837d1><div class="item" data-v-95d837d1><div class="indicator" data-v-95d837d1></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/categories/fragments/2022/10/26/Docker%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85OpenLDAP" data-v-95d837d1><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-95d837d1><div class="text-color-gray mr-[6px]" style="font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;">6</div>Docker 安装 OpenLDAP 详细步骤</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-95d837d1 data-v-95d837d1><div class="item" data-v-95d837d1><div class="indicator" data-v-95d837d1></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/categories/fragments/2022/10/06/%E4%B8%AA%E4%BA%BA%E5%B8%B8%E7%94%A8%E5%BF%AB%E6%8D%B7%E9%94%AE" data-v-95d837d1><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-95d837d1><div class="text-color-gray mr-[6px]" style="font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;">7</div>个人常用快捷键</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-95d837d1 data-v-95d837d1><div class="item" data-v-95d837d1><div class="indicator" data-v-95d837d1></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/categories/fragments/2022/10/05/%E4%B8%AA%E4%BA%BA%E5%B8%B8%E7%94%A8Git%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4" data-v-95d837d1><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-95d837d1><div class="text-color-gray mr-[6px]" style="font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;">8</div>个人常用 Git 命令</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-95d837d1 data-v-95d837d1><div class="item" data-v-95d837d1><div class="indicator" data-v-95d837d1></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/categories/fragments/2022/10/01/%E4%B8%AA%E4%BA%BA%E5%B8%B8%E7%94%A8Docker%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4" data-v-95d837d1><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-95d837d1><div class="text-color-gray mr-[6px]" style="font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;">9</div>个人常用 Docker 命令</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-95d837d1 data-v-95d837d1><div class="item" data-v-95d837d1><div class="indicator" data-v-95d837d1></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/categories/fragments/2022/08/29/%E5%86%85%E7%BD%91CentOS%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E8%AE%BE%E7%BD%AE%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%BB%A3%E7%90%86" data-v-95d837d1><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-95d837d1><div class="text-color-gray mr-[6px]" style="font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;">10</div>内网CentOS服务器设置网络代理</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-95d837d1 data-v-95d837d1><div class="item" data-v-95d837d1><div class="indicator" data-v-95d837d1></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/categories/fragments/2022/03/28/%E4%B8%BA%E6%8C%87%E5%AE%9AGit%E4%BB%93%E5%BA%93%E5%8D%95%E7%8B%AC%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E5%90%8D%E5%92%8C%E9%82%AE%E7%AE%B1" data-v-95d837d1><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-95d837d1><div class="text-color-gray mr-[6px]" style="font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;">11</div>为指定Git仓库单独配置用户名和邮箱</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-95d837d1 data-v-95d837d1><div class="item" data-v-95d837d1><div class="indicator" data-v-95d837d1></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/categories/fragments/2022/03/27/%E4%BF%AE%E6%94%B9Git%E6%89%80%E6%9C%89%E6%8F%90%E4%BA%A4%E8%AE%B0%E5%BD%95%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E4%BD%9C%E8%80%85%E5%92%8C%E9%82%AE%E7%AE%B1" data-v-95d837d1><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-95d837d1><div class="text-color-gray mr-[6px]" style="font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;">12</div>修改Git所有提交记录中的作者和邮箱</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-95d837d1 data-v-95d837d1><div class="item" data-v-95d837d1><div class="indicator" data-v-95d837d1></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/categories/fragments/2022/03/26/%E4%BF%AE%E6%94%B9Git%E6%9C%80%E5%90%8E%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E6%8F%90%E4%BA%A4%E8%AE%B0%E5%BD%95%E7%9A%84%E4%BD%9C%E8%80%85%E5%92%8C%E9%82%AE%E7%AE%B1" data-v-95d837d1><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-95d837d1><div class="text-color-gray mr-[6px]" style="font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;">13</div>修改Git最后一次提交记录的作者和邮箱</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-95d837d1 data-v-95d837d1><div class="item" data-v-95d837d1><div class="indicator" data-v-95d837d1></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/categories/fragments/2022/03/25/%E5%90%88%E5%B9%B6%E4%B8%A4%E4%B8%AAGit%E4%BB%93%E5%BA%93%E7%9A%84%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E6%8F%90%E4%BA%A4%E8%AE%B0%E5%BD%95" data-v-95d837d1><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-95d837d1><div class="text-color-gray mr-[6px]" style="font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;">14</div>合并两个Git仓库的历史提交记录</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-95d837d1 data-v-95d837d1><div class="item" data-v-95d837d1><div class="indicator" data-v-95d837d1></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/categories/fragments/2022/02/16/%E4%B8%AA%E4%BA%BA%E5%B8%B8%E7%94%A8SQL%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0" data-v-95d837d1><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-95d837d1><div class="text-color-gray mr-[6px]" style="font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;">15</div>个人常用 SQL 函数</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="group" data-v-802ad7d8><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0 collapsible collapsed" data-v-802ad7d8 data-v-95d837d1><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-95d837d1><div class="indicator" data-v-95d837d1></div><h2 class="text" data-v-95d837d1><img class="chinese-zodiac" style="position: static; vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 3px;" src="/img/svg/chinese-zodiac/ox.svg" title="牛年" alt="生肖">
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2021年 (2篇)</h2><div class="caret" role="button" aria-label="toggle section" tabindex="0" data-v-95d837d1><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" class="caret-icon" data-v-95d837d1><path d="M9,19c-0.3,0-0.5-0.1-0.7-0.3c-0.4-0.4-0.4-1,0-1.4l5.3-5.3L8.3,6.7c-0.4-0.4-0.4-1,0-1.4s1-0.4,1.4,0l6,6c0.4,0.4,0.4,1,0,1.4l-6,6C9.5,18.9,9.3,19,9,19z"></path></svg></div></div><div class="items" data-v-95d837d1><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-95d837d1 data-v-95d837d1><div class="item" data-v-95d837d1><div class="indicator" data-v-95d837d1></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/categories/fragments/2021/05/29/%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F%E4%B9%8B%E5%8D%95%E4%BE%8B%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F" data-v-95d837d1><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-95d837d1><div class="text-color-red mr-[6px]" style="font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;">1</div>设计模式之单例模式</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-95d837d1 data-v-95d837d1><div class="item" data-v-95d837d1><div class="indicator" data-v-95d837d1></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/categories/fragments/2021/03/12/%E7%B2%BE%E5%AF%86%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7%E7%B1%BB-BigDecimal" data-v-95d837d1><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-95d837d1><div class="text-color-orange mr-[6px]" style="font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;">2</div>精密计算工具类-BigDecimal</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><div class="group" data-v-802ad7d8><section class="VPSidebarItem level-0 collapsible collapsed" data-v-802ad7d8 data-v-95d837d1><div class="item" role="button" tabindex="0" data-v-95d837d1><div class="indicator" data-v-95d837d1></div><h2 class="text" data-v-95d837d1><img class="chinese-zodiac" style="position: static; vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 3px;" src="/img/svg/chinese-zodiac/pig.svg" title="猪年" alt="生肖">
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2019年 (4篇)</h2><div class="caret" role="button" aria-label="toggle section" tabindex="0" data-v-95d837d1><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" viewbox="0 0 24 24" class="caret-icon" data-v-95d837d1><path d="M9,19c-0.3,0-0.5-0.1-0.7-0.3c-0.4-0.4-0.4-1,0-1.4l5.3-5.3L8.3,6.7c-0.4-0.4-0.4-1,0-1.4s1-0.4,1.4,0l6,6c0.4,0.4,0.4,1,0,1.4l-6,6C9.5,18.9,9.3,19,9,19z"></path></svg></div></div><div class="items" data-v-95d837d1><!--[--><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-95d837d1 data-v-95d837d1><div class="item" data-v-95d837d1><div class="indicator" data-v-95d837d1></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/categories/fragments/2019/12/31/%E4%B8%AA%E4%BA%BA%E5%B8%B8%E7%94%A8Linux%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4" data-v-95d837d1><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-95d837d1><div class="text-color-red mr-[6px]" style="font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;">1</div>个人常用 Linux 命令</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-95d837d1 data-v-95d837d1><div class="item" data-v-95d837d1><div class="indicator" data-v-95d837d1></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/categories/fragments/2019/12/30/%E4%B8%AA%E4%BA%BA%E5%B8%B8%E7%94%A8Hutool%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7%E7%B1%BB" data-v-95d837d1><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-95d837d1><div class="text-color-orange mr-[6px]" style="font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;">2</div>个人常用 Hutool 工具类</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-95d837d1 data-v-95d837d1><div class="item" data-v-95d837d1><div class="indicator" data-v-95d837d1></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/categories/fragments/2019/12/29/%E4%B8%AA%E4%BA%BA%E5%B8%B8%E7%94%A8Stream%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E6%8A%80%E5%B7%A7" data-v-95d837d1><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-95d837d1><div class="text-color-yellow mr-[6px]" style="font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;">3</div>个人常用 Stream 使用技巧</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><div class="VPSidebarItem level-1 is-link" data-v-95d837d1 data-v-95d837d1><div class="item" data-v-95d837d1><div class="indicator" data-v-95d837d1></div><a class="VPLink link link" href="/categories/fragments/2019/12/28/%E4%B8%AA%E4%BA%BASQL%E4%BC%98%E5%8C%96%E6%8A%80%E5%B7%A7" data-v-95d837d1><!--[--><p class="text" data-v-95d837d1><div class="text-color-gray mr-[6px]" style="font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;">4</div>个人 SQL 优化技巧</p><!--]--></a><!----></div><!----></div><!--]--></div></section></div><!--]--><!--[--><!--]--></nav></aside><div class="VPContent has-sidebar" id="VPContent" data-v-03322d68 data-v-2c336b25><div class="VPDoc has-sidebar has-aside" data-v-2c336b25 data-v-53ed897c><!--[--><!--]--><div class="container" data-v-53ed897c><div class="aside" data-v-53ed897c><div class="aside-curtain" data-v-53ed897c></div><div class="aside-container" data-v-53ed897c><div class="aside-content" data-v-53ed897c><div class="VPDocAside" data-v-53ed897c data-v-3d450548><!--[--><!--]--><!--[--><!--]--><div class="VPDocAsideOutline" role="navigation" data-v-3d450548 data-v-70b38f01><div class="content" data-v-70b38f01><div class="outline-marker" data-v-70b38f01></div><div class="outline-title" role="heading" aria-level="2" data-v-70b38f01>目录</div><nav aria-labelledby="doc-outline-aria-label" data-v-70b38f01><span class="visually-hidden" id="doc-outline-aria-label" data-v-70b38f01> Table of Contents for current page </span><ul class="root" data-v-70b38f01 data-v-e10534d6><!--[--><!--]--></ul></nav></div></div><!--[--><!--]--><div class="spacer" data-v-3d450548></div><!--[--><!--]--><!----><!--[--><!--]--><!--[--><!--]--></div></div></div></div><div class="content" data-v-53ed897c><div class="content-container" data-v-53ed897c><!--[--><!--]--><!----><main class="main" data-v-53ed897c><div style="position:relative;" class="vp-doc _categories_fragments_2023_12_21_%E4%B8%80%E6%96%87%E8%AF%A6%E8%A7%A3%E9%99%90%E6%B5%81%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%A3%E5%AE%9E%E7%8E%B0" data-v-53ed897c><div><h1 id="一文详解限流接口实现" tabindex="-1">一文详解限流接口实现 <a class="header-anchor" href="#一文详解限流接口实现" aria-label="Permalink to "一文详解限流接口实现""></a></h1><!----><p>本文介绍的实现方式属于应用级限制，应用级限流方式只是单应用内的请求限流，不能进行全局限流。要保证系统的抗压能力，限流是一个必不可少的环节，虽然可能会造成某些用户的请求被丢弃，但相比于突发流量造成的系统宕机来说，这些损失一般都在可以接受的范围之内。。</p><h2 id="前言" tabindex="-1">前言 <a class="header-anchor" href="#前言" aria-label="Permalink to "前言""></a></h2><h3 id="为什么要进行限流" tabindex="-1">为什么要进行限流？ <a class="header-anchor" href="#为什么要进行限流" aria-label="Permalink to "为什么要进行限流？""></a></h3><ul><li><p>瞬时流量过高，服务被压垮？</p></li><li><p>恶意用户高频光顾，导致服务器宕机？</p></li><li><p>消息消费过快，导致数据库压力过大，性能下降甚至崩溃？</p><p>……</p></li></ul><h3 id="什么是限流" tabindex="-1">什么是限流？ <a class="header-anchor" href="#什么是限流" aria-label="Permalink to "什么是限流？""></a></h3><div class="tip custom-block"><p class="custom-block-title">什么是限流</p><p>限流是对某一时间窗口内的请求数进行限制，保持系统的可用性和稳定性，防止因流量暴增而导致的系统运行缓慢或宕机。</p></div><p>在高并发系统中，出于系统保护角度考虑，通常会对流量进行限流。在分布式系统中，高并发场景下，为了防止系统因突然的流量激增而导致的崩溃，同时保证服务的高可用性和稳定性，限流是最常用的手段。</p><h3 id="有哪些限流算法" tabindex="-1">有哪些限流算法？ <a class="header-anchor" href="#有哪些限流算法" aria-label="Permalink to "有哪些限流算法？""></a></h3><p>常见的四种限流算法，分别是：固定窗口算法、滑动窗口算法、漏桶算法、令牌桶算法。</p><h2 id="限流算法" tabindex="-1">限流算法 <a class="header-anchor" href="#限流算法" aria-label="Permalink to "限流算法""></a></h2><h3 id="固定窗口" tabindex="-1">固定窗口 <a class="header-anchor" href="#固定窗口" aria-label="Permalink to "固定窗口""></a></h3><p>固定窗口又称固定窗口（又称计数器算法，Fixed Window）限流算法，是最简单的限流算法。</p><h4 id="实现原理" tabindex="-1">实现原理 <a class="header-anchor" href="#实现原理" aria-label="Permalink to "实现原理""></a></h4><p>在指定周期内累加访问次数，当访问次数达到设定的阈值时，触发限流策略，当进入下一个时间周期时进行访问次数的清零。如图所示，我们要求3秒内的请求不要超过150次：</p><p><img src="/assets/202312212227123.ugL3C5bJ.png" alt="202312212227123"></p><h4 id="代码实现" tabindex="-1">代码实现 <a class="header-anchor" href="#代码实现" aria-label="Permalink to "代码实现""></a></h4><div class="language-java vp-adaptive-theme"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">java</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark-dimmed vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">public</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> class</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#F69D50;"> FixedWindowRateLimiter</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> {</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> Logger</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> logger</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> LoggerFactory.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">getLogger</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(FixedWindowRateLimiter.class);</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 时间窗口大小，单位毫秒</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> long</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> windowSize;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 允许通过的请求数</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> maxRequestCount;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 当前窗口通过的请求数</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> AtomicInteger</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> counter</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> new</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;"> AtomicInteger</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">);</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 窗口右边界</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> long</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> windowBorder;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> public</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;"> FixedWindowRateLimiter</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">long</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#F69D50;"> windowSize</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#F69D50;"> maxRequestCount</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">) {</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;"> this</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">.windowSize </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> windowSize;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;"> this</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">.maxRequestCount </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> maxRequestCount;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;"> this</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">.windowBorder </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> System.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">currentTimeMillis</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">() </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">+</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> windowSize;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> }</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> public</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> synchronized</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> boolean</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;"> tryAcquire</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">() {</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> long</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> currentTime</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> System.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">currentTimeMillis</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">();</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> if</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> (windowBorder </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> currentTime) {</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> logger.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">info</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#96D0FF;">"window reset"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">);</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> do</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> {</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> windowBorder </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">+=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> windowSize;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> } </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">while</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> (windowBorder </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> currentTime);</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> counter </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> new</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;"> AtomicInteger</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">);</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> }</span></span>
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<span class="line"></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> if</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> (counter.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">intValue</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">() </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> maxRequestCount) {</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> counter.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">incrementAndGet</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">();</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> logger.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">info</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#96D0FF;">"tryAcquire success"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">);</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;"> true</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> } </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">else</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> {</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> logger.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">info</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#96D0FF;">"tryAcquire fail"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">);</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;"> false</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> }</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> }</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">}</span></span></code></pre></div><h4 id="优缺点" tabindex="-1">优缺点 <a class="header-anchor" href="#优缺点" aria-label="Permalink to "优缺点""></a></h4><p><strong>优点：</strong> 实现简单，容易理解</p><p><strong>缺点：</strong></p><ol><li><p>限流不够平滑。例如：限流是每秒3个，在第一毫秒发送了3个请求，达到限流，窗口剩余时间的请求都将会被拒绝，体验不好。</p></li><li><p>无法处理窗口边界问题。因为是在某个时间窗口内进行流量控制，所以可能会出现窗口边界效应，即在时间窗口的边界处可能会有大量的请求被允许通过，从而导致突发流量。即：如果第2到3秒内产生了150次请求，而第3到4秒内产生了150次请求，那么其实在第2秒到第4秒这两秒内，就已经发生了300次请求了，远远大于我们要求的3秒内的请求不要超过150次这个限制，如下图所示：</p><p><img src="/assets/202312212228233.TWHyUSD4.png" alt="202312212228233"></p></li></ol><h3 id="滑动窗口" tabindex="-1">滑动窗口 <a class="header-anchor" href="#滑动窗口" aria-label="Permalink to "滑动窗口""></a></h3><p>滑动窗口为固定窗口的改良版，解决了固定窗口在窗口切换时会受到两倍于阈值数量的请求。在滑动窗口算法中，窗口的起止时间是动态的，窗口的大小固定。这种算法能够较好地处理窗口边界问题，但是实现相对复杂，需要记录每个请求的时间戳。</p><h4 id="实现原理-1" tabindex="-1">实现原理 <a class="header-anchor" href="#实现原理-1" aria-label="Permalink to "实现原理""></a></h4><p>滑动窗口在固定窗口的基础上，将时间窗口进行了更精细的分片，将一个窗口分为若干个等份的小窗口，每次仅滑动一小块的时间。每个小窗口对应不同的时间点，拥有独立的计数器，当请求的时间点大于当前窗口的最大时间点时，则将窗口向前平移一个小窗口（将第一个小窗口的数据舍弃，第二个小窗口变成第一个小窗口，当前请求放在最后一个小窗口），整个窗口的所有请求数相加不能大于阈值。其中，Sentinel 就是采用滑动窗口算法来实现限流的。如图所示：</p><p><img src="/assets/202312212230256.oJFSejs4.png" alt="202312212230256"></p><p><strong>核心步骤：</strong></p><ol><li>把3秒钟划分为3个小窗，每个小窗限制请求不能超过50秒。</li><li>比如我们设置，3秒内不能超过150个请求，那么这个窗口就可以容纳3个小窗，并且随着时间推移，往前滑动。每次请求过来后，都要统计滑动窗口内所有小窗的请求总量。</li></ol><h4 id="代码实现-1" tabindex="-1">代码实现 <a class="header-anchor" href="#代码实现-1" aria-label="Permalink to "代码实现""></a></h4><div class="language-java vp-adaptive-theme"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">java</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark-dimmed vp-code"><code><span class="line"></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">public</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> class</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#F69D50;"> SlidingWindowRateLimiter</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> {</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> Logger</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> logger</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> LoggerFactory.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">getLogger</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(FixedWindowRateLimiter.class);</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 时间窗口大小，单位毫秒</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> long</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> windowSize;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 分片窗口数</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> shardNum;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 允许通过的请求数</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> maxRequestCount;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 各个窗口内请求计数</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#F69D50;">[] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">shardRequestCount;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 请求总数</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> totalCount;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 当前窗口下标</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> shardId;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 每个小窗口大小，毫秒</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> long</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> tinyWindowSize;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 窗口右边界</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> long</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> windowBorder;</span></span>
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<span class="line"></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> public</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;"> SlidingWindowRateLimiter</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">long</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#F69D50;"> windowSize</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#F69D50;"> shardNum</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#F69D50;"> maxRequestCount</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">) {</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;"> this</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">.windowSize </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> windowSize;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;"> this</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">.shardNum </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> shardNum;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;"> this</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">.maxRequestCount </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> maxRequestCount;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;"> this</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">.shardRequestCount </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> new</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">[shardNum];</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;"> this</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">.tinyWindowSize </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> windowSize </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> shardNum;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;"> this</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">.windowBorder </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> System.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">currentTimeMillis</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">();</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> }</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> public</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> synchronized</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> boolean</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;"> tryAcquire</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">() {</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> long</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> currentTime</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> System.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">currentTimeMillis</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">();</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> if</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> (windowBorder </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> currentTime) {</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> logger.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">info</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#96D0FF;">"window reset"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">);</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> do</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> {</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> shardId </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">shardId) </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">%</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> shardNum;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> totalCount </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">-=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> shardRequestCount[shardId];</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> shardRequestCount[shardId] </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> windowBorder </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">+=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> tinyWindowSize;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> } </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">while</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> (windowBorder </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> currentTime);</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> }</span></span>
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<span class="line"></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> if</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> (totalCount </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> maxRequestCount) {</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> logger.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">info</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#96D0FF;">"tryAcquire success:{}"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">, shardId);</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> shardRequestCount[shardId]</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> totalCount</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;"> true</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> } </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">else</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> {</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> logger.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">info</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#96D0FF;">"tryAcquire fail"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">);</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;"> false</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> }</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> }</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">}</span></span></code></pre></div><h4 id="优缺点-1" tabindex="-1">优缺点 <a class="header-anchor" href="#优缺点-1" aria-label="Permalink to "优缺点""></a></h4><p><strong>优点：</strong> 解决了固定窗口算法的窗口边界问题，避免突发流量压垮服务器。 <strong>缺点：</strong> 还是存在限流不够平滑的问题。例如：限流是每秒3个，在第一毫秒发送了3个请求，达到限流，剩余窗口时间的请求都将会被拒绝，体验不好。</p><h3 id="漏桶算法" tabindex="-1">漏桶算法 <a class="header-anchor" href="#漏桶算法" aria-label="Permalink to "漏桶算法""></a></h3><p>漏桶限流算法是一种常用的流量整形（Traffic Shaping）和流量控制（Traffic Policing）的算法，它可以有效地控制数据的传输速率以及防止网络拥塞。</p><p><strong>主要的作用：</strong></p><ol><li>控制数据注入网络的速度。</li><li>平滑网络上的突发流量</li></ol><h4 id="实现原理-2" tabindex="-1">实现原理 <a class="header-anchor" href="#实现原理-2" aria-label="Permalink to "实现原理""></a></h4><p>漏桶是一个很形象的比喻，外部请求就像是水一样不断注入水桶中，而水桶已经设置好了最大出水速率，漏桶会以这个速率匀速放行请求，而当水超过桶的最大容量后则被丢弃。不管上面的水流速度有多块，漏桶水滴的流出速度始终保持不变。消息中间件就采用的漏桶限流的思想。如图所示：</p><p><img src="/assets/202312212231916.tBev-ybv.png" alt="202312212231916"></p><p><strong>核心步骤：</strong></p><ol><li>一个固定容量的漏桶，按照固定速率出水（处理请求）；</li><li>当流入水（请求数量）的速度过大会直接溢出（请求数量超过限制则直接拒绝）。</li><li>桶里的水（请求）不够则无法出水（桶内没有请求则不处理）。</li></ol><h4 id="代码实现-2" tabindex="-1">代码实现 <a class="header-anchor" href="#代码实现-2" aria-label="Permalink to "代码实现""></a></h4><div class="language-java vp-adaptive-theme"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">java</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark-dimmed vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">public</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> class</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#F69D50;"> LeakyBucketRateLimiter</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> {</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> Logger</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> logger</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> LoggerFactory.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">getLogger</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(LeakyBucketRateLimiter.class);</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 桶的容量</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> capacity;</span></span>
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<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 桶中现存水量</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> AtomicInteger</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> water</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> new</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;"> AtomicInteger</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">();</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 开始漏水时间</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> long</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> leakTimestamp;</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 水流出的速率，即每秒允许通过的请求数</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> leakRate;</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> public</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;"> LeakyBucketRateLimiter</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#F69D50;"> capacity</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#F69D50;"> leakRate</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">) {</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;"> this</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">.capacity </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> capacity;</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;"> this</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">.leakRate </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> leakRate;</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> }</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> public</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> synchronized</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> boolean</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;"> tryAcquire</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">() {</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 桶中没有水， 重新开始计算</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> if</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> (water.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">get</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">() </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">==</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">) {</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> logger.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">info</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#96D0FF;">"start leaking"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> leakTimestamp </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> System.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">currentTimeMillis</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">();</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> water.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">incrementAndGet</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">();</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> water.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">get</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">() </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> capacity;</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> }</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 先漏水，计算剩余水量</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> long</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> currentTime</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> System.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">currentTimeMillis</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">();</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> leakedWater</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">) ((currentTime </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">-</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> leakTimestamp) </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">/</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;"> 1000</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> *</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> leakRate);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> logger.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">info</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#96D0FF;">"lastTime:{}, currentTime:{}. LeakedWater:{}"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">, leakTimestamp, currentTime, leakedWater);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 可能时间不足，则先不漏水</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> if</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> (leakedWater </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">!=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">) {</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> leftWater</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> water.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">get</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">() </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">-</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> leakedWater;</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 可能水已漏光。设为0</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> water.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">set</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(Math.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">max</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;">0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">, leftWater));</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> leakTimestamp </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> System.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">currentTimeMillis</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">();</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> }</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> logger.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">info</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#96D0FF;">"剩余容量:{}"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">, capacity </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">-</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> water.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">get</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">());</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> if</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> (water.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">get</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">() </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> capacity) {</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> logger.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">info</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#96D0FF;">"tryAcquire sucess"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> water.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">incrementAndGet</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">();</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;"> true</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">;</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> } </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">else</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> {</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> logger.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">info</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#96D0FF;">"tryAcquire fail"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;"> false</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">;</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> }</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> }</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">}</span></span></code></pre></div><h4 id="优缺点-2" tabindex="-1">优缺点 <a class="header-anchor" href="#优缺点-2" aria-label="Permalink to "优缺点""></a></h4><p><strong>优点：</strong></p><ol><li>平滑流量。由于漏桶算法以固定的速率处理请求，可以有效地平滑和整形流量，避免流量的突发和波动（类似于消息队列的削峰填谷的作用）。</li><li>防止过载。当流入的请求超过桶的容量时，可以直接丢弃请求，防止系统过载。</li></ol><p><strong>缺点：</strong></p><ol><li>无法处理突发流量：由于漏桶的出口速度是固定的，无法处理突发流量。例如，即使在流量较小的时候，也无法以更快的速度处理请求。</li><li>可能会丢失数据：如果入口流量过大，超过了桶的容量，那么就需要丢弃部分请求。在一些不能接受丢失请求的场景中，这可能是一个问题。</li><li>不适合速率变化大的场景：如果速率变化大，或者需要动态调整速率，那么漏桶算法就无法满足需求。</li><li>资源利用率：不管当前系统的负载压力如何，所有请求都得进行排队，即使此时服务器的负载处于相对空闲的状态，这样会造成系统资源的浪费。</li></ol><p>由于漏桶的缺陷比较明显，所以在实际业务场景中，使用的比较少。</p><h3 id="令牌算法" tabindex="-1">令牌算法 <a class="header-anchor" href="#令牌算法" aria-label="Permalink to "令牌算法""></a></h3><p>令牌桶算法是基于漏桶算法的一种改进，主要在于令牌桶算法能够在限制服务调用的平均速率的同时，还能够允许一定程度内的突发调用。</p><h4 id="实现原理-3" tabindex="-1">实现原理 <a class="header-anchor" href="#实现原理-3" aria-label="Permalink to "实现原理""></a></h4><ol><li><p>系统以固定的速率向桶中添加令牌；</p></li><li><p>当有请求到来时，会尝试从桶中移除一个令牌，如果桶中有足够的令牌，则请求可以被处理或数据包可以被发送；</p></li><li><p>如果桶中没有令牌，那么请求将被拒绝；</p></li><li><p>桶中的令牌数不能超过桶的容量，如果新生成的令牌超过了桶的容量，那么新的令牌会被丢弃。</p></li><li><p>令牌桶算法的一个重要特性是，它能够应对突发流量。当桶中有足够的令牌时，可以一次性处理多个请求，这对于需要处理突发流量的应用场景非常有用。但是又不会无限制的增加处理速率导致压垮服务器，因为桶内令牌数量是有限制的。</p></li></ol><p>如图所示：</p><p><img src="/assets/202312212232922.n1-YwFqg.png" alt="202312212232922"></p><h4 id="代码实现-3" tabindex="-1">代码实现 <a class="header-anchor" href="#代码实现-3" aria-label="Permalink to "代码实现""></a></h4><p>Guava中的RateLimiter就是基于令牌桶实现的，可以直接拿来使用。</p><h4 id="优缺点-3" tabindex="-1">优缺点 <a class="header-anchor" href="#优缺点-3" aria-label="Permalink to "优缺点""></a></h4><p><strong>优点：</strong></p><ol><li><p>可以处理突发流量：令牌桶算法可以处理突发流量。当桶满时，能够以最大速度处理请求。这对于需要处理突发流量的应用场景非常有用。</p></li><li><p>限制平均速率：在长期运行中，数据的传输率会被限制在预定义的平均速率（即生成令牌的速率）。</p></li><li><p>灵活性：与漏桶算法相比，令牌桶算法提供了更大的灵活性。例如，可以动态地调整生成令牌的速率。</p></li></ol><p><strong>缺点：</strong></p><ol><li><p>可能导致过载：如果令牌产生的速度过快，可能会导致大量的突发流量，这可能会使网络或服务过载。</p></li><li><p>需要存储空间：令牌桶需要一定的存储空间来保存令牌，可能会导致内存资源的浪费。</p></li><li><p>实现稍复杂：相比于计数器算法，令牌桶算法的实现稍微复杂一些。</p></li></ol><h2 id="应用实践" tabindex="-1">应用实践 <a class="header-anchor" href="#应用实践" aria-label="Permalink to "应用实践""></a></h2><p>Guava 中的 RateLimiter 就是基于令牌桶实现的，可以直接拿来使用。所有整个实践是基于Guava的应用。</p><h3 id="引入依赖" tabindex="-1">引入依赖 <a class="header-anchor" href="#引入依赖" aria-label="Permalink to "引入依赖""></a></h3><div class="language-xml vp-adaptive-theme"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">xml</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark-dimmed vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#8DDB8C;">dependency</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">></span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> <</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#8DDB8C;">groupId</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">>com.google.guava</</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#8DDB8C;">groupId</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">></span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> <</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#8DDB8C;">artifactId</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">>guava</</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#8DDB8C;">artifactId</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">></span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> <</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#8DDB8C;">version</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">>32.1.3-jre</</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#8DDB8C;">version</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">></span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"></</span><span style="--shiki-light:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#8DDB8C;">dependency</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">></span></span></code></pre></div><h3 id="api-直接使用" tabindex="-1">API 直接使用 <a class="header-anchor" href="#api-直接使用" aria-label="Permalink to "API 直接使用""></a></h3><p><strong>固定产生令牌：</strong></p><div class="language-java vp-adaptive-theme"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">java</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark-dimmed vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">@</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">Test</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">public</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> void</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;"> acquireTest</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">() {</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 每秒固定生成5个令牌</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> RateLimiter</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> rateLimiter</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> RateLimiter.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">create</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;">5</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">; i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;"> 10</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">; i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">) {</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> double</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> time</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> rateLimiter.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">acquire</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">();</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> logger.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">info</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#96D0FF;">"等待时间：{}s"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">, time);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> }</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">}</span></span></code></pre></div><p><img src="/assets/202312212234232.oRdzZu3T.png" alt="202312212234232"></p><p>可以看到，每200ms左右产生一个令牌并放行请求，也就是1秒放行5个请求，使用RateLimiter能够很好的实现单机的限流。</p><p><strong>同时产生多个令牌：</strong></p><p>那么再回到我们前面提到的突发流量情况，令牌桶是怎么解决的呢？RateLimiter中引入了一个预消费的概念。</p><p>申请令牌的数量不同不会影响这个申请令牌这个动作本身的响应时间，acquire(1)和acquire(1000)这两个请求会消耗同样的时间返回结果，但是会影响下一个请求的响应时间。</p><p>如果一个消耗大量令牌的任务到达空闲的RateLimiter，会被立即批准执行，但是当下一个请求进来时，将会额外等待一段时间，用来支付前一个请求的时间成本。</p><p>至于为什么要这么做，通过举例来引申一下。当一个系统处于空闲状态时，突然来了1个需要消耗100个令牌的任务，那么白白等待100秒是毫无意义的浪费资源行为，那么可以先允许它执行，并对后续请求进行限流时间上的延长，以此来达到一个应对突发流量的效果。</p><div class="language-java vp-adaptive-theme"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">java</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark-dimmed vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">@</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">Test</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">public</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> void</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;"> acquireSmoothly</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">() {</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> RateLimiter</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> rateLimiter</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> RateLimiter.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">create</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;">5</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;">3</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">, TimeUnit.SECONDS);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> long</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> startTimeStamp</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> System.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">currentTimeMillis</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">();</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> for</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">int</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;"> 0</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">; i </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;"> 15</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">; i</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">++</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">) {</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> double</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> time</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> rateLimiter.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">acquire</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">();</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> logger.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">info</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#96D0FF;">"等待时间:{}s, 总时间:{}ms"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">, time, System.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">currentTimeMillis</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">() </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">-</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> startTimeStamp);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> }</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">}</span></span></code></pre></div><p><img src="/assets/202312212235127.7sH7Ci5f.png" alt="202312212235127"></p><p>可以看到，令牌发放时间从最开始的500ms多逐渐缩短，在3秒后达到了200ms左右的匀速发放。</p><p>总的来说，基于令牌桶实现的RateLimiter功能还是非常强大的，在限流的基础上还可以把请求平均分散在各个时间段内，因此在单机情况下它是使用比较广泛的限流组件。</p><h3 id="aop-切面" tabindex="-1">AOP 切面 <a class="header-anchor" href="#aop-切面" aria-label="Permalink to "AOP 切面""></a></h3><p>第一步：创建注解</p><div class="language-java vp-adaptive-theme"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">java</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark-dimmed vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">@</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">Retention</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">@</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">Target</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">({ElementType.METHOD})</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">@</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">Documented</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">public</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> @</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">interface</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> Limit</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> {</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 资源主键</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> String </span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">key</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">() </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">default</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#96D0FF;"> ""</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">;</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 最多访问次数,代表请求总数量</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> double</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;"> permitsPerSeconds</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">();</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 时间：即timeout时间内,只允许有permitsPerSeconds个请求总数量访问，超过的将被限制不能访问</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> long</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;"> timeout</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">();</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 时间类型</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> TimeUnit </span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">timeUnit</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">() </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">default</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS;</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 提示信息</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> String </span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">msg</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">() </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">default</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#96D0FF;"> "系统繁忙,请稍后重试"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">;</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">}</span></span></code></pre></div><p>第二步：AOP切面实现</p><div class="language-java vp-adaptive-theme"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">java</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark-dimmed vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">@</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">Aspect</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">@</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">Component</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">public</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> class</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#F69D50;"> LimitAspect</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> {</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> Logger</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> logger</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> LoggerFactory.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">getLogger</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(LimitAspect.class);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> private</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> final</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> Map</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#F69D50;"><</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">String</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#F69D50;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">RateLimiter</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#F69D50;">> </span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">limitMap</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> Maps.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">newConcurrentMap</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">();</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> @</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">Around</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#96D0FF;">"@annotation(com.alibaba.xxx.xxx.annotation.Limit)"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">)</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> public</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> Object </span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">around</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(ProceedingJoinPoint </span><span style="--shiki-light:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#F69D50;">joinPoint</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">) </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">throws</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> Throwable {</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> MethodSignature</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> signature</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> (MethodSignature) joinPoint.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">getSignature</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">();</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> Method</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> method</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> signature.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">getMethod</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">();</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 拿limit的注解</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> Limit</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> limit</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> method.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">getAnnotation</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(Limit.class);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> if</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> (limit </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">!=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;"> null</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">) {</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // key作用：不同的接口，不同的流量控制</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> String</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> key</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> limit.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">key</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">();</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> RateLimiter</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> rateLimiter;</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 验证缓存是否有命中key</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> if</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">!</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">limitMap.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">containsKey</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(key)) {</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 创建令牌桶</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> rateLimiter </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> RateLimiter.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">create</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(limit.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">permitsPerSeconds</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">());</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> limitMap.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">put</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(key, rateLimiter);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> logger.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">info</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#96D0FF;">"新建了令牌桶={},容量={}"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">, key, limit.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">permitsPerSeconds</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">());</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> }</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> rateLimiter </span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">=</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> limitMap.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">get</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(key);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 拿令牌</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> boolean</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> acquire</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> rateLimiter.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">tryAcquire</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(limit.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">timeout</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(), limit.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">timeUnit</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">());</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#768390;"> // 拿不到令牌，直接返回异常信息</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> if</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> (</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">!</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">acquire) {</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> logger.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">debug</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#96D0FF;">"令牌桶={},获取令牌失败"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">, key);</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> throw</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> new</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;"> RuntimeException</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(limit.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">msg</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">());</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> }</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> }</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> return</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> joinPoint.</span><span style="--shiki-light:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#DCBDFB;">proceed</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">();</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;"> }</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">}</span></span></code></pre></div><p>第三步：应用</p><div class="language-java vp-adaptive-theme"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">java</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark-dimmed vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">@</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;">Limit</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">(</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;">key</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#96D0FF;"> "query"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;">permitsPerSeconds</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;"> 1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;">timeout</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;"> 1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">, </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;">msg</span><span style="--shiki-light:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F47067;"> =</span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#96D0FF;"> "触发接口限流，请重试"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">)</span></span></code></pre></div><p>第四步：使用位置详解</p><p>若是放在http的mapping接口上，返回如下：</p><div class="language-json vp-adaptive-theme"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">json</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark-dimmed vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">{</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#8DDB8C;"> "timestamp"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#96D0FF;">"2023-12-07 11:21:47"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">,</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#8DDB8C;"> "status"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;">500</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">,</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#8DDB8C;"> "error"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#96D0FF;">"Internal Server Error"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">,</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#8DDB8C;"> "path"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#96D0FF;">"/table/query"</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">}</span></span></code></pre></div><p>若是放在service服务的接口上，返回如下：</p><div class="language-json vp-adaptive-theme"><button title="Copy Code" class="copy"></button><span class="lang">json</span><pre class="shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark-dimmed vp-code"><code><span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">{</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#8DDB8C;"> "code"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#6CB6FF;">-1</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">,</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#8DDB8C;"> "message"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#96D0FF;">"触发接口限流，请重试"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">,</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#8DDB8C;"> "data"</span><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">: </span><span style="--shiki-light:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#96D0FF;">"fail"</span></span>
|
||
<span class="line"><span style="--shiki-light:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#ADBAC7;">}</span></span></code></pre></div><h2 id="总结" tabindex="-1">总结 <a class="header-anchor" href="#总结" aria-label="Permalink to "总结""></a></h2><p>本文介绍的实现方式属于应用级限制，应用级限流方式只是单应用内的请求限流，不能进行全局限流。假设将应用部署到多台机器，我们需要分布式限流和接入层限流来解决这个问题。</p><p>总的来说，要保证系统的抗压能力，限流是一个必不可少的环节，虽然可能会造成某些用户的请求被丢弃，但相比于突发流量造成的系统宕机来说，这些损失一般都在可以接受的范围之内。前面也说过，限流可以结合熔断、降级一起使用，多管齐下，保证服务的可用性与健壮性。</p><h2 id="扩展资料" tabindex="-1">扩展资料 <a class="header-anchor" href="#扩展资料" aria-label="Permalink to "扩展资料""></a></h2><p>1.源码解析:高性能限流器Guava RateLimiter：<a href="https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/358822328?utm_id=0" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/358822328?utm_id=0</a></p><p>2.拦截器版:使用Guava实现限流器：<a href="https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/38100340" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/38100340</a></p></div></div></main><footer class="VPDocFooter" data-v-53ed897c data-v-f3af8004><!--[--><!--[--><!--[--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--><!--]--><!--]--><div class="edit-info" data-v-f3af8004><div class="edit-link" data-v-f3af8004><a class="VPLink link vp-external-link-icon no-icon edit-link-button" href="https://github.com/Charles7c/charles7c.github.io/edit/main/docs/categories/fragments/2023/12/21/一文详解限流接口实现.md" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" data-v-f3af8004><!--[--><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 24 24" class="edit-link-icon" aria-label="edit icon" data-v-f3af8004><path d="M18,23H4c-1.7,0-3-1.3-3-3V6c0-1.7,1.3-3,3-3h7c0.6,0,1,0.4,1,1s-0.4,1-1,1H4C3.4,5,3,5.4,3,6v14c0,0.6,0.4,1,1,1h14c0.6,0,1-0.4,1-1v-7c0-0.6,0.4-1,1-1s1,0.4,1,1v7C21,21.7,19.7,23,18,23z"></path><path d="M8,17c-0.3,0-0.5-0.1-0.7-0.3C7,16.5,6.9,16.1,7,15.8l1-4c0-0.2,0.1-0.3,0.3-0.5l9.5-9.5c1.2-1.2,3.2-1.2,4.4,0c1.2,1.2,1.2,3.2,0,4.4l-9.5,9.5c-0.1,0.1-0.3,0.2-0.5,0.3l-4,1C8.2,17,8.1,17,8,17zM9.9,12.5l-0.5,2.1l2.1-0.5l9.3-9.3c0.4-0.4,0.4-1.1,0-1.6c-0.4-0.4-1.2-0.4-1.6,0l0,0L9.9,12.5z M18.5,2.5L18.5,2.5L18.5,2.5z"></path></svg> 不妥之处，敬请雅正<!--]--></a></div><div class="last-updated" data-v-f3af8004><p class="VPLastUpdated" data-v-f3af8004 data-v-a25eb6f3>最后更新: <time datetime="2023-12-22T14:57:50.000Z" data-v-a25eb6f3></time></p></div></div><nav class="prev-next" data-v-f3af8004><div class="pager" data-v-f3af8004><a class="VPLink link pager-link prev" href="/categories/fragments/2019/12/28/%E4%B8%AA%E4%BA%BASQL%E4%BC%98%E5%8C%96%E6%8A%80%E5%B7%A7" data-v-f3af8004><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-f3af8004>上一篇</span><span class="title" data-v-f3af8004><div class="text-color-gray mr-[6px]" style="font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;">8</div>个人 SQL 优化技巧</span><!--]--></a></div><div class="pager" data-v-f3af8004><a class="VPLink link pager-link next" href="/categories/fragments/2023/01/06/CodeReview%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95%E8%AE%BA%E4%B8%8E%E5%AE%9E%E8%B7%B5%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%93" data-v-f3af8004><!--[--><span class="desc" data-v-f3af8004>下一篇</span><span class="title" data-v-f3af8004><div class="text-color-orange mr-[6px]" style="font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;">2</div>阿里巴巴的Code Review方法论与实践总结</span><!--]--></a></div></nav></footer><!--[--><!--[--><!--[--><div id="comment-container"></div><!--]--><!--]--><!--]--></div></div></div><!--[--><!--]--></div></div><!----><!--[--><!--]--></div></div>
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display: inline-block;\\\">1</div>个人常用快捷键\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2022/10/06/个人常用快捷键\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-orange mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">2</div>个人常用 Git 命令\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2022/10/05/个人常用Git命令\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-yellow mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">3</div>个人常用 Docker 命令\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2022/10/01/个人常用Docker命令\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">4</div>个人常用 SQL 函数\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2022/02/16/个人常用SQL函数\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">5</div>个人常用 Linux 命令\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2019/12/31/个人常用Linux命令\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">6</div>个人常用 Hutool 工具类\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2019/12/30/个人常用Hutool工具类\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">7</div>个人常用 Stream 使用技巧\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2019/12/29/个人常用Stream使用技巧\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">8</div>个人 SQL 优化技巧\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2019/12/28/个人SQL优化技巧\"}],\"collapsed\":false},{\"text\":\"<img class=\\\"chinese-zodiac\\\" style=\\\"position: static; vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 3px;\\\" src=\\\"/img/svg/chinese-zodiac/rabbit.svg\\\" title=\\\"兔年\\\" alt=\\\"生肖\\\">\\n 2023年 (2篇)\",\"items\":[{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-red mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">1</div>一文详解限流接口实现\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2023/12/21/一文详解限流接口实现\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-orange mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">2</div>阿里巴巴的Code Review方法论与实践总结\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2023/01/06/CodeReview方法论与实践总结\"}],\"collapsed\":false},{\"text\":\"<img class=\\\"chinese-zodiac\\\" style=\\\"position: static; vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 3px;\\\" src=\\\"/img/svg/chinese-zodiac/tiger.svg\\\" title=\\\"虎年\\\" alt=\\\"生肖\\\">\\n 2022年 (15篇)\",\"items\":[{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-red mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">1</div>简单聊聊如何让网站开启灰色显示\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2022/12/07/网站开启灰色显示\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-orange mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">2</div>使用 IntelliJ IDEA 进行远程程序调试\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2022/11/01/使用IDEA进行远程程序调试\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-yellow mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">3</div>CentOS 安装 Docker、Docker Compose\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2022/10/31/CentOS安装Docker\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">4</div>Docker 安装 MinIO 详细步骤\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2022/10/28/Docker安装MinIO\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">5</div>Docker 安装 Consul 详细步骤\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2022/10/27/Docker安装Consul\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">6</div>Docker 安装 OpenLDAP 详细步骤\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2022/10/26/Docker安装OpenLDAP\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">7</div>个人常用快捷键\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2022/10/06/个人常用快捷键\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">8</div>个人常用 Git 命令\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2022/10/05/个人常用Git命令\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">9</div>个人常用 Docker 命令\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2022/10/01/个人常用Docker命令\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">10</div>内网CentOS服务器设置网络代理\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2022/08/29/内网CentOS服务器设置网络代理\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">11</div>为指定Git仓库单独配置用户名和邮箱\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2022/03/28/为指定Git仓库单独配置用户名和邮箱\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">12</div>修改Git所有提交记录中的作者和邮箱\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2022/03/27/修改Git所有提交记录中的作者和邮箱\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">13</div>修改Git最后一次提交记录的作者和邮箱\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2022/03/26/修改Git最后一次提交记录的作者和邮箱\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">14</div>合并两个Git仓库的历史提交记录\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2022/03/25/合并两个Git仓库的历史提交记录\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">15</div>个人常用 SQL 函数\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2022/02/16/个人常用SQL函数\"}],\"collapsed\":true},{\"text\":\"<img class=\\\"chinese-zodiac\\\" style=\\\"position: static; vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 3px;\\\" src=\\\"/img/svg/chinese-zodiac/ox.svg\\\" title=\\\"牛年\\\" alt=\\\"生肖\\\">\\n 2021年 (2篇)\",\"items\":[{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-red mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">1</div>设计模式之单例模式\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2021/05/29/设计模式之单例模式\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-orange mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">2</div>精密计算工具类-BigDecimal\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2021/03/12/精密计算工具类-BigDecimal\"}],\"collapsed\":true},{\"text\":\"<img class=\\\"chinese-zodiac\\\" style=\\\"position: static; vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 3px;\\\" src=\\\"/img/svg/chinese-zodiac/pig.svg\\\" title=\\\"猪年\\\" alt=\\\"生肖\\\">\\n 2019年 (4篇)\",\"items\":[{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-red mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">1</div>个人常用 Linux 命令\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2019/12/31/个人常用Linux命令\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-orange mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">2</div>个人常用 Hutool 工具类\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2019/12/30/个人常用Hutool工具类\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-yellow mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">3</div>个人常用 Stream 使用技巧\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2019/12/29/个人常用Stream使用技巧\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">4</div>个人 SQL 优化技巧\",\"link\":\"/categories/fragments/2019/12/28/个人SQL优化技巧\"}],\"collapsed\":true}],\"/categories/solutions/\":[{\"text\":\"<img class=\\\"chinese-zodiac\\\" style=\\\"position: static; vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 3px;\\\" src=\\\"/img/svg/chinese-zodiac/tiger.svg\\\" title=\\\"虎年\\\" alt=\\\"生肖\\\">\\n 2022年 (1篇)\",\"items\":[{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-red mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">1</div>递归查询树型结构数据的性能优化方案\",\"link\":\"/categories/solutions/2022/09/07/递归查询树型结构数据的性能优化方案\"}],\"collapsed\":false},{\"text\":\"<img class=\\\"chinese-zodiac\\\" style=\\\"position: static; vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 3px;\\\" src=\\\"/img/svg/chinese-zodiac/ox.svg\\\" title=\\\"牛年\\\" alt=\\\"生肖\\\">\\n 2021年 (2篇)\",\"items\":[{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-red mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">1</div>一条SQL查询今年每月统计信息\",\"link\":\"/categories/solutions/2021/11/22/一条SQL查询今年每月统计信息\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-orange mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">2</div>用Java8获取近N天日期\",\"link\":\"/categories/solutions/2021/11/18/用Java8获取近N天日期\"}],\"collapsed\":true}],\"/categories/tools/\":[{\"text\":\"<img class=\\\"chinese-zodiac\\\" style=\\\"position: static; vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 3px;\\\" src=\\\"/img/svg/chinese-zodiac/ox.svg\\\" title=\\\"牛年\\\" alt=\\\"生肖\\\">\\n 2021年 (5篇)\",\"items\":[{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-red mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">1</div>Quartz 快速入门\",\"link\":\"/categories/tools/2021/03/10/Quartz快速入门\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-orange mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">2</div>Postman 快速入门\",\"link\":\"/categories/tools/2021/03/06/Postman快速入门\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-yellow mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">3</div>Another Redis Desktop Manager 快速入门\",\"link\":\"/categories/tools/2021/03/04/ARDM快速入门\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">4</div>Redis Desktop Manager 快速入门\",\"link\":\"/categories/tools/2021/02/22/RDM快速入门\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">5</div>初识 Lombok\",\"link\":\"/categories/tools/2021/01/14/初识Lombok\"}],\"collapsed\":false}],\"/courses/java/\":[{\"text\":\"Java语法入门 (14篇)\",\"items\":[{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-red mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">1</div>开发环境搭建\",\"link\":\"/courses/java/01-Java语法入门/01-开发环境搭建\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-orange mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">2</div>第一个Java程序\",\"link\":\"/courses/java/01-Java语法入门/02-第一个Java程序\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-yellow mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">3</div>初识Eclipse\",\"link\":\"/courses/java/01-Java语法入门/03-初识Eclipse\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">4</div>程序和计算机的那点事儿\",\"link\":\"/courses/java/01-Java语法入门/04-程序和计算机的那点事儿\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">5</div>变量和常量\",\"link\":\"/courses/java/01-Java语法入门/05-变量和常量\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">6</div>常用的运算符\",\"link\":\"/courses/java/01-Java语法入门/06-常用的运算符\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">7</div>控制语句和流程图\",\"link\":\"/courses/java/01-Java语法入门/07-控制语句和流程图\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">8</div>if选择结构\",\"link\":\"/courses/java/01-Java语法入门/08-if选择结构\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">9</div>switch选择结构\",\"link\":\"/courses/java/01-Java语法入门/09-switch选择结构\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">10</div>循环结构\",\"link\":\"/courses/java/01-Java语法入门/10-循环结构\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">11</div>多重循环\",\"link\":\"/courses/java/01-Java语法入门/11-多重循环\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">12</div>程序调试入门\",\"link\":\"/courses/java/01-Java语法入门/12-程序调试入门\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">13</div>一维数组\",\"link\":\"/courses/java/01-Java语法入门/13-一维数组\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">14</div>多维数组\",\"link\":\"/courses/java/01-Java语法入门/14-多维数组\"}],\"collapsed\":false},{\"text\":\"Java面向对象 (1篇)\",\"items\":[{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-red mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">1</div>类和对象\",\"link\":\"/courses/java/02-Java面向对象/01-类和对象\"}],\"collapsed\":true},{\"text\":\"Java高级特性 (1篇)\",\"items\":[{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-red mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">1</div>集合与泛型-1\",\"link\":\"/courses/java/03-Java高级特性/01-集合与泛型-1\"}],\"collapsed\":true},{\"text\":\"附录 (1篇)\",\"items\":[{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-red mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">1</div>CentOS 8.2 安装 JDK 1.8.0_202\",\"link\":\"/courses/java/04-附录/01-CentOS安装JDK\"}],\"collapsed\":true}],\"/courses/mysql/\":[{\"text\":\"MySQL基础 (1篇)\",\"items\":[{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-red mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">1</div>MySQL安装与配置\",\"link\":\"/courses/mysql/01-MySQL基础/01-MySQL安装与配置\"}],\"collapsed\":true},{\"text\":\"附录 (2篇)\",\"items\":[{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-red mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">1</div>CentOS 8.2 安装 MySQL 5.7.39\",\"link\":\"/courses/mysql/03-附录/01-CentOS安装MySQL\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-orange mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">2</div>Docker 安装 MySQL 详细步骤\",\"link\":\"/courses/mysql/03-附录/02-Docker安装MySQL\"}],\"collapsed\":false}],\"/courses/mybatis/\":[{\"text\":\"MyBatis基础 (8篇)\",\"items\":[{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-red mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">1</div>快速入门\",\"link\":\"/courses/mybatis/01-MyBatis基础/01-快速入门\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-orange mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">2</div>核心对象\",\"link\":\"/courses/mybatis/01-MyBatis基础/02-核心对象\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-yellow mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">3</div>核心配置文件\",\"link\":\"/courses/mybatis/01-MyBatis基础/03-核心配置文件\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">4</div>SQL映射文件之查询元素\",\"link\":\"/courses/mybatis/01-MyBatis基础/04-SQL映射文件之查询元素\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">5</div>SQL映射文件之增删改元素\",\"link\":\"/courses/mybatis/01-MyBatis基础/05-SQL映射文件之增删改元素\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">6</div>SQL映射文件之自定义映射元素\",\"link\":\"/courses/mybatis/01-MyBatis基础/06-SQL映射文件之自定义映射元素\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">7</div>SQL映射文件之缓存元素\",\"link\":\"/courses/mybatis/01-MyBatis基础/07-SQL映射文件之缓存元素\"},{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-gray mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; display: inline-block;\\\">8</div>动态SQL\",\"link\":\"/courses/mybatis/01-MyBatis基础/08-动态SQL\"}],\"collapsed\":false},{\"text\":\"MyBatis-Plus基础 (5篇)\",\"items\":[{\"text\":\"<div class=\\\"text-color-red mr-[6px]\\\" style=\\\"font-weight: 550; 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